Calender reform and precession jolt Abstract of the German article “Kalender und Präzessionssprung” Ilya U. Topper Madrid · 2009 When Pope Gregor XIII intended to reform the calendar he ordered a commission of very learned men to consider the possibilities and consequences. Most important among them was Aloysius Lilius who conceived a textbook which unfortunately

Ponderations on calendar developpement demonstrate that the calendar reforms of Julius Ceasar and Gregor XIII hide uneven movements of the earth. (This is an abridged translation of the article published by Uwe Topper and Ilya U. Topper in German language in: Efodon-Synesis N° 4, July 2004, Hohenpeissenberg, Germany). Attention: This artice is slightly outdated. The

Alfred Tamerl wrote in “Zeitensprünge” 3/2001, pp. 493-512, that the “8th century Old-English” epic called Beowulf was written much later than expected, thus saving Illig’s thesis that in the 8th century no manuscripts could have been written, as the 7th, 8th and 9th centuries did not exist. This approach is methodically wrong, but Tamerl went

Berlin · 2014  Uwe Topper Whenever classical buildings or documents contain astronomical indications it is agreed to date their corresponding age reliably. There are mainly three ways to do so: 1. A common method consists in relying on the inclination of the earth relative to its orbital plain, i.e. using the value of the angle epsilon.

Istambul · January, 2014,  Ilya U. Topper Assegwass Ameggaz! Happy New Year! Today and tomorrow you can hear this tamazigh phrase in many a home as well as outdoors in all regions of the Maghreb, from Cabilia and Melilla until Agadir and Warzazat. All over there you find people of Amazigh descend, a berber culture and

Berlin · 2007  Uwe Topper The Almanac was born in Germany in the 15th Century, promoted by the printing industry. George Peurbach’s Yearbook (1460) in Vienna is considered the first German almanac. Handwritten almanacs were more prepared for personal use. Older than Peurbach’s Almanac are several Arabic manuscripts with similar information about stellar sunrises, weather, and